Exostosin-1/EXT1 Polyclonal

Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the formation of exostoses (EXT), which are cartilage-capped bony protuberances mainly located on long bones. Two proteins associated with EXT, EXT1 and EXT2, form homo/heteromeric complexes in vivo, which leads to the accumulation of both proteins in the Golgi apparatus. EXT1 and EXT2 are endoplasmic reticulum-localized type II transmembrane glycoproteins that possess, or are tightly associated with, glycosyltransferase activities involved in the polymerization of the glycosaminoglycan, heparan sulfate (HS). EXT2 is a protein that harbors the D-glucuronyl (GlcA) and N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl (GlcNAc) transferase activities required for biosynthesis of HS. EXT1 rescues defective HS biosynthesis and elevates low GlcA and GlcNAc transferase levels in mutated cells.