CTLA4/CD152 [F8]

CTLA4 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamilyand encodes a protein which transmits an inhibitory signal to Tcells. The protein contains a V domain, a transmembrane domain, anda cytoplasmic tail. The B7-related cell surface proteins CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) are expressed on antigen presenting cells, bind the homologous T cell receptors CD28 and CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein-4) and trigger costimulatory signals for optimal T cell activation. Mutations in this gene have been associated with insulin-dependentdiabetes mellitus, Graves disease, Hashimoto thyroiditis, celiacdisease, systemic lupus erythematosus, thyroid-associatedorbitopathy, and other autoimmune diseases.