Aggrecan [MD399]

Aggrecan protein, also known as cartilage-specific proteoglycan core protein, encoded by the ACAN gene, is a large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan that plays a crucial role in maintaining the structural integrity and resilience of cartilage. Aggrecan protein is primarily located in the extracellular matrix of cartilage, where aggrecan forms aggregates with hyaluronan and link proteins, contributing to the tissue′s compressive strength and ability to withstand mechanical stress. This localization is vital for proper cartilage functioning, as aggrecan interacts with collagen fibers, providing necessary support and cushioning in joints. Aggrecan exhibits a bottlebrush structure, in which chondroitin sulfate and keratan sulfate chains are attached to an extended protein core. The synthesis and degradation of aggrecan are being investigated for their roles in cartilage deterioration during joint injury, disease, and aging.